In 1777, production was transferred from Nostetangen to Hurdals Verk. The technical quality of the glass improved and wide use was made of coloured glass - particularly blue.

In 1809, production was transferred from Hurdals Verk to Gjovik Verk. The products of Gjovik Verk are almost indistinguishable from those of Kosta at the same time.

Denmark’s own production of glass began in 1810 with the establishment of the Holmegaards Glasvaerk.
 

In the eighteenth century, a Bohemian influence was introduced with thicker glass, shorter stems and less elaborate decoration.

The third Swedish glassworks, Kosta, was founded in 1742. It produced unpretentious pieces for daily use. Over the years, workers from Kosta broke away to form new glassworks in the same district. These included Orrefors and Strombergshyttan. These three remain among the finest manufactories of modern glass.
 

A particular style is the millefiori in which coloured glass rods are set into clear molten glass to form patterns of flowers, fruit or abstract shapes. This style was developed in the 18th century by Venetian glass makers and the art peaked around the 1850s.

A strict customs barrier imposed in 1830 encouraged the development of French art glass. From 1830 to 1870 most of the glass production was experimental in character with attempts to emulate the then-popular coloured Venetian and Bohemian glass.

A main product of this period was the paperweight with inlaid colour patterns. Although originated in Venice, this form was perfected at the St Louis glassworks. There were soon many imitators but few could equal St Louis and the nearby Baccarat and Clichy glassworks.

From 1870, new styles were inspired by the Arts and Crafts Movement in Britain and, from 1890, culminated in the Art Nouveau works of Galle and Lalique.

Reacting against what were seen as stereotyped designs in Bohemian glass, Jugendstil craftsmen experimented with the nature of glass - particularly its malleability when heated and its translucent properties.

In about 1670, Henry Lehman perfected a method of etching glass with fluoric acid so that the ornament showed smooth against a dull ground. Later in the same decade the famous Bohemian ruby glass was perfected by Johann Kunkel in Potsdam, The intensely strong colour was obtained with the recently invented gold chloride.

The earliest record of glass being made in Venice of a "phial maker" named Domenico who lived there in 909. By 1255 there were enough glass makers in Venice to form a guild. In 1291 the city authorities became so concerned about the risk of fire from the growing number of glass foundries that they ordered that they should all be transferred to the island of Murano, where they have been located ever since.

Very little Venetian glass made before the fifteenth century has survived. By the 1450s, Venice was producing mainly dark-coloured vessels similar in shape to the silver vessels of the time. These were delicately painted with mythological figures, portraits, coats-of-arms or designs of dots and semi-circles in bright colours.

In 1780, the prohibition was removed and several glasshouses were established in Ireland - notably at Waterford, Dublin, Belfast and Cork. These produced flint glass, mainly for export to the Continent and America at much lower prices than English glass.

Until about 1800, this Irish glass had a slightly dusky tint. More efficient furnaces were then installed and a clearer glass, which proved ideal for deep cutting, was produced.